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On Point Firearms has the lowest prices on firearms and gun accessories from Heckler and Koch (HK). Heckler & Koch GmbH (H&K) is a German weapons manufacturing company famous for various series of small firearms, notably the MP5 submachine gun, the MP7 personal defense weapon, USP series of handguns, high-precision PSG1 sniper rifle, and the G3 and G36 assault rifles. Heckler & Koch is known for the extreme precision, durability, reliability and accuracy of their firearms. All firearms made by H&K are named by a prefix and the official designation, with postfixes used for variants.
Heckler & Koch has a history of innovations in fire arms, such as the use of polymers and polygonal rifling. Most believe that Austrian company Glock was the first firearms manufacturer to use polymers in their hand guns, however it was Heckler & Koch who actually claimed that title when they released the VP70 pistol in 1970. Heckler & Koch also developed modern polygonal rifling, noted for its high accuracy and increased muzzle velocity and barrel life. Not all of its technologically ambitious designs have resulted in successful products (for instance, the advanced but now abandoned G11 assault rifle). HK produces the whole range of small arms, from pistols to grenades and machine guns. In its extensive product range, HK has used most of the operating systems for small arms: blowback, short-recoil, roller-delayed blowback, gas-delayed blowback, and gas-operated. All of their firearm models have achieved reputations for excellent accuracy and reliability, however, their high price tag has somewhat offset their popularity in the civilian market.

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HK was founded by Edmund Heckler, Theodor Koch, and Alex Seidel in 1949 from the remnants of Mauser, and the company was registered in 1950. In the beginning, the company produced sewing machine parts and other fine mechanical devices, but this changed in 1956 when the company constructed a rifle for the Bundeswehr (Federal German Army). In 1991 in the wake of the cancellation of the G41 and G11 rifles, H&K was bought by British Aerospace’s Royal Ordnance division. Their major contribution to weaponry since then was the modification of the SA-80 rifle for the British Army, clearing up a number of issues, and the development of the lightweight carbon fiber–reinforced polymer assault rifle G36, the current main service rifle of the Bundeswehr and numerous other military and police forces. In 2002 BAE Systems, as it was by now known, resold HK to a German group (H&K Beteiligungs-GmbH) that was created for this purpose.
The company is located in Oberndorf in the state of Baden-Württemberg, but also has a subsidiary in the United States. The company slogan is: “In a world of compromise, some don’t”. The slogan emphasizes that HK aims to incorporate accuracy, reliability, and ergonomics into their designs without sacrificing one over the other. Because of this paradigm many fans feel that HK is the world’s premiere firearm manufacturer. This idea is supported by the fact that Heckler & Koch provides firearms for many of the world’s elite military and paramilitary units, like the Special Air Service, U.S. Navy SEALs, Delta Force, FBI HRT, the German KSK and GSG 9 and countless other counter terrorist and hostage rescue teams.
HK has been contracted by the U.S. Army to produce the kinetic energy subsystem (see: kinetic projectiles or kinetic energy penetrator) of the Objective Individual Combat Weapon, a planned replacement for the M16/M203 grenade launcher combination. OICW will fire both 5.56 mm bullets and 25 mm grenades. The kinetic component was also developed separately as the HK XM8, though both the OICW and XM8 are now indefinitely suspended.
HK is also contracted to refurbish the SA80 range of weapons for the British Army.
Recently, H&K developed an improved version of the United States issued M4 rifle, called the HK416. H&K replaced the impingement gas system used by the Stoner design on the original M16 platform with a piston system. At this date, there is no indication that the rifle will be adopted by the U.S. Armed Forces. However, the elite Delta Force and other Special Operations units have used the HK416 in combat[2], and Oklahoma Senator Tom Coburn has called for a “free and open competition” to determine whether the Army should buy the HK416 or continue to purchase more M4 carbines.[3] Incoming Secretary of the Army Pete Geren agreed in July 2007 to hold a “dust chamber” test, pitting the M4 against H&K’s HK416 and XM8, as well as rival Fabrique Nationale’s SOF Combat Assault Rifle (SCAR) design. Coburn had threatened to stop Geren’s Senate confirmation if he did not agree to the test.[4] The Norwegian Army has chosen the HK416 to be its new standard issue rifle.[5]
HK sells its pistols in the United States to both the civilian and law enforcement market. In 2004 H&K was awarded a major handgun contract by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) , worth a potential $26.2 million for up to 65,000 pistols. This contract ranks as the single largest handgun procurement contract in US law enforcement history. Many HK civilian rifles that were briefly sold in the United States now command a high value on the secondary market. HK firearms are often seen as a status symbol among American gun owners due to their quality, scarcity, and high price tag.

The MK23 Mod 0 is an offensive handgun system consisting of a match grade semi-automatic pistol, a laser aiming module (LAM), and suppressor. It was adopted by the United States Special Operations Command (USSOCOM) for special operations units in the 1990s.
While the designation applies to the complete system, it also commonly used in reference to the pistol component itself. The pistol itself, chambered for the .45 ACP cartridge, was developed by Heckler & Koch, and was selected over the Colt OHWS through USSOCOM’s Offensive Handgun Weapon System (OHWS) program. The initial LAM and suppressor were developed by Insight Technology and Knight’s Armament Company (KAC), respectively.
[edit]Overview

The MK23 Mod 0 was built as an “offensive” handgun for U.S. special operations forces under USSOCOM, as per request made in 1989. Military versions of the weapon have the writing “MK23 USSOCOM” engraved on the slide.
The MK23 is considered a match grade pistol, and is capable of making a 2 inch group at 50 yards, roughly 4 MOA. Production began in 1991, and it was the basis for the HK USP, which began production in 1993. The MK23 has exceptional durability in harsh environments, being waterproof and corrosion-resistant. It uses a hexagonal barrel design, which is reported to improve accuracy and durability. It also features an ambidextrous safety and magazine release on both sides of the frame. The magazine release is at the rear edge of the trigger guard, which is wide enough to allow the use of gloves. A decocking lever is on the left side, which will silently lower the cocked hammer. The U.S. Navy MK23 is part of a larger weapon system that includes an attachable laser aiming module, a suppressor, and some other features such as a special high-pressure match cartridge (.45 +P ammunition).
The weapon was tested and found to be capable of firing tens of thousands of rounds without a barrel change. It remains reliable in harsh conditions, making it suitable for use by special forces. The .45 ACP round has considerable stopping power, and retains that stopping power when suppressed.
However, the weapon’s large size and weight have resulted in some criticism. In response, HK developed the USP Tactical pistol based off of the original USP; the Tactical retains much of the performance of the MK23 without the bulky size, and is able to use the suppressor though not the LAM. An even more compact pistol than the USP Tactical for counter-terrorist and special forces use is the new HK USP Compact Tactical, which does have its own optional LAM. The USP-CT is lighter and is capable of fitting a silencer, making it a prime choice for Special Forces on covert operations.
The proposed Joint Combat Pistol (JCP) was intended to accept match grade and +P ammunition. However, it is not clear if the JCP, which absorbed the earlier SOF Combat Program, will be used alongside or replace the MK23 handguns. As of 2006, the JCP has since been renamed and restructured.
[edit]Offensive Handgun Weapon System

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The MK23 was submitted to the USSOCOM Offensive Handgun Weapon System (OHWS) competition around late 1991 the goal of which was to create an entire pistol package capable of replicating the performance of longer barreled weapons such as submachine guns with many customizable features. Its rival was the Colt OHWS. Though both Heckler & Koch’s and Colt’s designs were tailored to the demanding requirements of the OHWS competition, the MK23 eventually won.
HK commercially markets the MK23 and derivatives of it, but not the complete SOCOM system. The suppressor is made by Knight’s Armament Company, and was selected over the one HK originally included as part of its entry. Insight Technology won the contract to produce the laser aiming module, later designated AN/PEQ-6. One version of the LAM produces a visible light dot, while another produces an infrared dot that can only be seen through night vision goggles. There have since been different LAM models and, at least commercially, different suppressors as well.
The first MK23 production models were delivered to SOCOM on May 1, 1996. At last count, 1,986 models were built (serial numbers 23-0101 through 23-2086).
[edit]Civilian Mark 23

Heckler & Koch is offering the MK23 on the civilian market as the Mark 23. It is distributed by its subsidiaries HK Inc. (United States) and HKJS GmbH (Germany).
The models for the U.S. market initially came with a 10-round magazine, to comply with the U.S. Assault Weapons Ban. The ban has now expired, and the civilian Mark 23 comes with the same 12-round magazine as the government variants. In Canada, the Mark 23 pistol is still supplied only with 10-round magazines, as per the 1995 Firearms Act.
According to the Operators Manual,[1] there are few differences between the civilian Mark 23 and the government MK23. These differences are the slide engraving (”Mark 23″ instead of “MK23 USSOCOM”) and a barrel conforming to SAAMI headspace specifications.

The P7 is a German 9 mm semi-automatic pistol designed by H. Weldle and produced by Heckler & Koch GmbH (HK). It was revealed to the public for the first time in 1976 as the PSP (Polizei Selbstlade Pistole – “Police Self-Loading Pistol”).

Development

The decision to equip West German police with an advanced 9 mm pistol and replace existing 7.65 mm caliber weapons was prompted after a terrorist incident that occurred during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich. The new weapon was to meet the following requirements: chamber the 9 x 19 mm Parabellum cartridge, weight - no more than 1000 g, the weapon’s dimensions would not exceed 180 x 130 x 34 mm, the initial muzzle energy – 500 J, service life – 10 000 rounds. The pistol was also to be fully ambidextrous, safe to carry with a loaded chamber and be quickly drawn and ready to fire instantaneously. As a result of a competitive bid the German police selected three different pistols into service: the Swiss SIG-Sauer P225 (designated the P6) and two German designs – the P7 (officially called the PSP) and the Walther P5.
Series production of the P7 was initiated in 1979. Soon after, the pistol was adopted by the German Federal Police’s counter-terrorism unit (GSG 9) and the German Army’s Special Forces formations. The pistol was also exported to several countries. The P7 was produced by HK and Greek defense firm Hellenic Arms Industry (under license).
[edit]Design details

The P7 is a semi-automatic, blowback operated firearm. It features a gas-delayed blowback system modeled on the Swiss W+F 47 pistol prototype, which uses gas pressure of the ignited cartridge that is fed through a small vent in the barrel (just in front of the chamber) to retard the rearward motion of the bolt by means of a piston contained inside a cylinder located beneath the barrel. Only when the gas pressure has declined – after the bullet has left the barrel – the piston in the cylinder can retract and recoil the slide, opening the breech and ejecting the empty cartridge case. The chamber has 18 flutes that aid in the extraction process. The spring extractor is contained inside the bolt assembly, while the fixed ejector is a surface on the slide catch.

P7M13
The pistol has an innovative trigger (with a squeeze cocking lever located at the front of the grip, beneath the trigger guard) and a striker firing mechanism. Pressing back the cocking lever (with a force of approx. 70 N) automatically cocks the firing pin. The weapon is then fired by pressing the single stage trigger rated at approx. 20 N. The squeeze cocking lever also acts as the safety and protects against accidental firing as the lever moves forward to its initial position automatically uncocking the pistol when the lever is released. This method of operation dispensed the need for a manual safety selector while providing safety for the operator carrying the pistol with a chambered round and increased the speed with which the pistol could be deployed and fired. The trigger and firing mechanism’s method of operation (and the unique slide catch) are protected by a US patent nr 41320323, issued January 2 1979.
The P7 is fed from a single-stack box magazine (with an 8 round capacity), which is held inside the firearm’s frame with a release located at the heel of the grip. After the last round has been fired, the slide will remain open thanks to a slide catch that can be released by pulling the slide further back or pressing the squeeze cocker.
The firearm uses a fixed, polygonal barrel (hexagonal with a 250 mm twist rate) and fixed notch iron sights with contrast dots that enable use in low-level lighting conditions. The pistol is completely ambidextrous and two-handed use is enhanced through the use of a profiled and enlarged trigger guard.
Between 1982-1983 the P7 received several modifications, mainly to address American market demand and shooter preferences. A new magazine release lever (available on both sides of the frame) was installed just beneath the trigger guard, which forced designers to modify both the pistol’s frame and magazine. The trigger guard was equipped with a synthetic heat shield that protects the shooter from excessive heating and a lanyard attachment loop was added in place of the previous magazine heel release. The firing pin and its bushing were also changed.
[edit]Variants

Based on the P7 several other variants were built: the P7M8 (which is an equivalent to the P7 with an 8-round magazine), P7PT8, P7M13, P7K3, P7M10 and the P7M7, all of which are no longer produced by HK.
The P7PT8 is a dedicated, straight blowback training pistol modified for use with the 9 x 19 mm PT training cartridge (made by Geco) with a plastic bullet (weighing 0.42 g). A “floating chamber” adapter is used inside the barrel which enhances felt recoil for use with the special ammunition. The pistols were marked with blue dots on both sides of the slide to differentiate the P7PT8 from other P7 pistols that can chamber lethal ammunition. To date about 200 pistols of this type were produced that are used mainly for simulated firing in enclosed spaces.
The P7M13 is the P7’s counterpart with a double-column magazine and a 13-round capacity. This pistol was advertised (unsuccessfully) to the US Army. A variant known as the P7M13SD was produced in limited numbers exclusively for German Special Forces, featuring a longer (compared to the P7M13) threaded barrel and a sound suppressor.
The P7K3 is a shortened version of the P7 (inspired by the HK4 pistol) that uses straight blowback for operation. The pistol has a removable barrel and a recoil buffer in place of the gas cylinder. After swapping out the barrel and magazine the pistol can use 9 x 17 mm Short (.380 Browning) or 7.65 x 17 mm Browning SR (.32 ACP) pistol cartridges and after replacing the slide, magazine and barrel (with floating chamber insert) – it can also be used to fire 5.6 mm Long Rifle (.22 LR) ammunition.

HK P7M8 with Nill Wood Grips.
The P7M10 was introduced to the American market in 1991. It is chambered for the 10 x 22 mm Smith & Wesson (.40 S&W) round and has a double-stack 10-round magazine. With the American market in mind a variant known as the P7M7 designed to use the 11.43 x 23 mm Colt (.45 ACP) cartridge was also created, however it remained a prototype.

The HK45 is a semi-automatic pistol designed by the German arms manufacturer Heckler & Koch. It is chambered only in .45 ACP with a 10 round magazine. The HK45 was primarily designed for the requirements of the U.S. Military Joint Combat Pistol program (a .45 ACP semi-automatic pistol to replace the 9mm M9 pistol, which is currently in service with the U.S Military). In Fall of 2006, the program was suspended indefinitely.
The pistol is still in development, along with a compact version of the weapon known as the HK45C, which will feature an 8 round magazine (interchangeable with the current USP Compact).
[edit]Design

The HK45 is quite similar to the H&K USP and the H&K P2000, internally and externally. The most obvious external changes include a more forward slanting slide, a Picatinny rail in front of the trigger guard for mounting accessories and rounded grooves on the hand grip for placement of the fingers (the HK45C does not incorporate this feature). Much like the H&K P2000, the HK45 has an interchangeable backstrap to allow the user to customize the pistol’s grip size.
An HK45 Tactical and HK45CT (Compact Tactical) are also in development which will include an extended threaded barrel for suppressors.

Design

When Heckler & Koch introduced the USP in 1993, it marked the first time HK chose to incorporate many traditional handgun design elements, such as elements of John Browning’s M1911, in one pistol. Two principles guided its development — the first being the use of molded polymer material, and the second being the creation of a “pistol paradigm”.
Heckler & Koch attempted to observe the strong points of its previous successful pistols for insight as to developing “the best” pistol. Previous HK pistol innovations include the unique squeeze cocking mechanism of the Heckler & Koch P7, the precise roller-locked bolt of the Heckler & Koch P9S, and the double action-only system used by the VP70Z. In contrast to these ambitious designs, the USP uses a Browning linkless-locked breech action, similar to the action developed by John Browning for use in the Browning P35 “Hi Power” pistol.[1] The USP can be safely carried “cocked and locked”.
The USP was originally built in .40 S&W and 9 mm Parabellum models, but later evolved into a .45 ACP variant and later spawned the USP Compact series, which is available in 9 mm Parabellum, .40 S&W, .45 ACP, and, exclusively to the Compact model, .357 SIG. Other variants of the standard USP include the USP Tactical, USP Expert, USP Match, and USP Elite.
One of the most important features of the USP is the mechanical recoil reduction system. This system is incorporated into the recoil/buffer spring assembly, located below the barrel. Designed primarily to buffer the slide and barrel and reduce recoil effects on the pistol components, the system also lowers the recoil forces felt by the shooter. The USP recoil reduction system is insensitive to ammunition types and does not require adjustment or maintenance. It functions effectively in all USP models. Using this same recoil reduction system, one of the related HK MK23 .45 ACP Special Operations Pistols fired more than 30,000 +P cartridges and 6,000 proof loads without damage to any major components. Abuse and function-testing of USPs have seen more than 24,000 rounds fired without a component failure.
Major metal components on both the USP and Special Operations Pistol are corrosion-resistant. Outside metal surfaces, such as the steel slide are protected by a proprietary “Hostile Environment” nitride finish. Internal metal parts, such as springs, are coated with an anti-corrosion chemical to reduce friction and wear.
The USP is the base of the Mk 23 Mod 0, a .45 ACP handgun designed by Heckler & Koch for the USSOCOM. The frame and slide of the USP45 are slightly larger than those found on the USP40 and USP9, much like the Mk 23. The prominent oversized trigger guard allows the use of gloves when firing.
[edit]Variants

One of the remarkable features of the USP is the wide variety of the trigger styles available, which may be quickly swapped. There are nine commercially available modifications (called “variants” by HK).
By using a modular approach to the internal components,[1] the control functions of the USP can be switched from the left to the right side of the pistol for left handed shooters. The USP can also be converted from one type of trigger/firing mode to another. This includes combination of double-action and single-action (DA/SA) modes and double-action only (DAO) modes.[2]
In addition to a wide selection of trigger/firing modes, the USP has an ambidextrous magazine release lever that is shielded by the trigger guard from inadvertent actuation. The rear of the USP grip is stepped, and combines well with the tapered magazine, making magazine changes faster due to lack of user-assisted guiding. Finger recesses in the grip frame also aid in magazine removal. On 9 mm and .40 caliber USPs, magazines are constructed of polymer reinforced with stainless steel. Magazines on the USP .45 are all-metal. All USP magazines will drop free of the pistol frame when the magazine release is depressed. Also, the USP does not have a magazine lockout feature — it is possible to fire a chambered round even with the magazine removed. An extended slide release lever is positioned to allow easy operation without changing the grip of the shooting hand.
Variants 1 and 2 (double action/single action, decocking and safety lever)
Variants 1 (lever on left) and 2 (lever on right) allow the user to carry the pistol in a single-action mode (cocked and locked) with the manual safety engaged. This same pistol, without modification, can be carried in double-action mode, with or without the manual safety engaged, and with the benefit of a decock lever.
Variants 3 and 4 (double action/single action, decocking lever, but no safety)
Variants 3 (lever on left) and 4 (lever on right) provide the user with a frame-mounted decocking lever that does not have the “safe” position. This combination only allows the hammer to be lowered from SA position to DA position. It does not provide the “safe” position to prevent the pistol from firing when the trigger is pulled.
Variants 5 and 6 (double action only, with safety lever)
For the double action only user, variants 5 (lever on left), 6 (lever on right), and of the USP operate as double action only pistols with a bobbed hammer always returning to the DA position (forward) after each shot is fired. To fire each shot, the trigger must be pulled through the smooth DA trigger pull. Variants 5 and 6 have a manual safety lever.
Variants 7 (double action only, no control lever)
No control lever is provided on variant 7.
Variants 8 and 9 (double action/single action, safety lever, but no decocking)
Variants 8 (lever on left) and 9 (lever on right) allow the shooter to carry the pistol in a single-action mode (cocked and locked) with the manual safety engaged. This same pistol, without modification, can be carried in double-action mode (hammer down), with or without the manual safety engaged. The double action mode offers a second strike/double action capability in case of a misfire. The control lever has no decocking function on variants 8 and 9.

The USP Compact in .40 S&W.
[edit]USP Compact
The first USP Compact models appeared in 1994. These are scaled-down USPs, and are available in all the same cartridges as the full size version, and additionally the .357 SIG. Due to the smaller size of the frame, magazines for the Compact variant may have a handgrip extension to better accommodate the shooter’s hand. Standard flat floorplates are also available for the USP Compact magazines. The USP Compact comes standard with a bobbed hammer equipped with a flat rubber external thumb grip. This reduces possible snag from the hammer on a holster or clothing while the pistol is being drawn, but still allows the USP Compact to be cocked from a decocked or half-cocked position even in the absence of a spurred hammer. A spurred hammer, similar to the one that comes standard on the P10 can be installed onto the USP Compact. USP Compact models lack the mechanical recoil reduction system of the larger full sized USP pistols. Instead, a more compact recoil buffering system is composed of a polymer bushing, around the captive recoil spring, which is designed to absorb energy at the end of the slide’s travel rearward. This polymer bushing, with an estimated lifespan of around 20,000 rounds, is used instead of the double spring/captive recoil spring/guide rod found in the full sized USP.
In addition to the Variants previously described for the full size USP, an ambidextrous safety is available from the manufacturer as a separate part. After installation by a competent gunsmith the USP Compact effectively becomes a right or left-handed firearm with respect to the decocker and manual safety functions.

HK USP Compact Tactical
[edit]HK USP Compact Tactical
A new HK Product, the USP45CT is a highly modified USP45C developed for use by U.S. special operations forces. Termed the CT for counter-terrorist by insiders, the HK USP45 Compact Tactical combines the proven features of the full-size USP45 Tactical pistol in a smaller, more concealable package.

Mark 23 & HK USP Compact Tactical
[edit]USP Tactical
The USP Tactical (9mm, .40S&W .45 ACP) incorporates a fully adjustable rear sight, a higher-profile front sight (as to be visible above the suppressor), an extended threaded barrel and O-ring, a match grade trigger, and an adjustable trigger stop. Sound suppressors designed for the USP Tactical are available from Knight’s Armament and Gemtech. A unique feature of the USP Tactical is that the barrel is left-hand threaded (counter-clockwise to tighten), which makes the pistol incompatible with suppressors designed for the MK23 Mod 0. [citation needed]
[edit]USP Expert
The USP Expert (9 mm Parabellum, .40 S&W, .45 ACP) includes all the features of the Tactical, with the exception of the threaded barrel. The USP Expert also retains the USP match trigger. It also features an extended steel slide, which mostly hides the longer O-ring barrel and adds weight to help reduce muzzle flip and felt recoil even further. The expert has adjustable target sights similar to the USP Match, Elite, and Tactical, however the slide does differs in that the rear sight seat has been milled lower. The Expert may be used with an extended magazine well, or jet funnel, in 9 mm and .40 S&W calibers, which is intended for use in conjunction with larger-capacity magazines.
[edit]USP Match
The USP Match (9 mm Parabellum, .40 S&W, .45 ACP) is specifically designed to appeal to target shooters. In addition to the features offered on the Expert, the Match distinguishes itself by its barrel weight, or compensator, which replaces the elongated slide found on the Expert. The compensator provides counterbalance to the weapon’s recoil, greatly improving follow up target tracking.[3]
Angelina Jolie used a pair of HK USP Matches in the Tomb Raider films. The Match was also featured in Underworld. As a result of these associations, combined with its discontinued production status and uniquely recognizable look, the Match has more than tripled in value from its MSRP and is difficult to find for under $3,000 USD (as of July 2007).[3]
[edit]USP Elite
The USP Elite (9 mm Parabellum, .45 ACP) takes features found on the Tactical, Expert, and Match models, and combines them with a 6.02 in (153 mm) barrel and hand-fitted 9.45 in (240 mm) extended slide. The Elite also includes higher-profile fully adjustable front and rear sights.
[edit]Testing

As the USP was developed at the same time as the SOCOM MK23, the pistol underwent much of the same rigorous testing. The barrel is cold-forged from chromium steel for increased life. The USP barrels are a polygonal profile to further increase muzzle velocity and barrel life. During testing, a bullet was deliberately lodged in a USP barrel. Another cartridge was then fired into the obstructing bullet. The second bullet cleared the barrel, resulting in a barely noticeable bulge. The pistol was then fired for accuracy and the resulting group measured less than 4 inches at 25 meters.
Temperature testing required the USP be frozen to −42 °C and fired, frozen again, and then be heated up to 67 °C and fired. These temperature tests were continually repeated with no adverse effects on the USP.
The gun was also subjected to NATO MIL-SPEC mud and rain tests, which were passed without difficulty. Water immersion and salt spray also presented no problems. German Navy combat divers have used the USP for two years without any signs of corrosion.
Safety testing exceeded the ANSI/SAAMI requirements adopted in May 1990. These included dropping a USP with a primed cartridge and decocked hammer on a variety of hard surfaces without discharging. The USP surpassed these commercial requirements, as well as German Army and police tests, including repeated drop tests from six feet (1.8 m), hammer first, onto a steel backed concrete slab. Proof round firing resulted in no cracks, deformations, or increase in head space. Attempts to fire the USP pistol with an unlocked breech proved unsuccessful.
Testing with a variety of ammunition proved the USP meets these high standards. During the USP testing phase, it was shown the recoil-reduction system reduces the force on the USP grip to approximately 300 newtons (67 pounds-force). Peak force shock on competing .40 caliber polymer and metal framed pistols was around 5,000 newtons (1,100 pounds-force). The primary benefit of low peak shock is a decrease in wear and tear on pistol components, a great concern with the +P cartridge in 9 mm, .40 S&W, and .45 ACP. Reduction of peak shock forces also contributes to softer recoil for the shooter, although these “felt recoil” values are much more subjective.
[edit]Service

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Two variations of the USP have now been adopted in Germany by the Bundeswehr (German armed forces). The P8 is a standard USP with specific features, such as a safety/decocker lever and translucent plastic magazines. It has only minor differences from the standard USP model, these being a reversed safety/decocker lever (on the P8, down indicates ’safe’, and up indicates ‘fire’ — this is the opposite of the standard USP), and the ‘S’ and ‘F’ letters being printed onto the frame instead of onto the lever itself. The P10 is in fact a USP Compact with the addition of a spurred hammer. Both P8 and P10 are chambered in 9 x 19 mm (9 mm NATO) only.
On August 24, 2004, SIGARMS and Heckler & Koch/HK Defense won major pistol contracts with the United States Department of Homeland Security. The contract was valued at $26.2 million. The HK pistol models chosen were the HK P2000 US, HK P2000 SK Subcompact, and the USP Compact/LEM (Law Enforcement Modification). The LEM trigger is basically HK’s version of SIG’s DAK trigger and vice versa. According to the company, the LEM trigger allows for faster follow-up shots (repeat shots) on target than a standard double-action-only system, due to a lighter trigger pull (7.3–8.5 lbf) and shorter trigger reset than standard DAO trigger systems. The LEM trigger utilizes a two-piece “pre-cocked hammer” comprised of a cocking piece and an external hammer. The hammer is pre-cocked when a round is chambered (slide is cycled). The LEM system supposedly also provides for more reliable primer ignition, since it utilizes a stronger hammer spring.
The LEM trigger can be installed on existing USP compact pistols that were purchased before the LEM trigger came on the market — either by a certified gunsmith or by sending the pistol directly to Heckler & Koch. In addition, the USP compact pistol can retain its external safety even with the LEM trigger — making it the only modified double-action pistol with an external safety for added peace of mind. The LEM USP compact pistol with external safety also appeals to M1911 aficionados who are trained to deactivate the safety while drawing.

The Heckler & Koch SL8 is a sporting rifle manufactured by Heckler & Koch. It is the civilian version of the Heckler & Koch G36.
The rifle fires the .223 Remington or 5.56 mm NATO cartridge and feeds from a 10 round, clear, detachable magazine (although non-U.S. versions can accommodate 30-round magazines from the G36, as seen in the picture at right). Unlike earlier types of HK rifles, it is not a roller lock bolt but rather a lug type rotating bolt system as seen on the AR-18. The SL8 was originally developed for the German Bundeswehr, to provide a weapon for training reservists similar to the G36 and able to be provided to reserve organizations not able to provide military grade armaments.
Contents
[hide]
1 Modifications
2 Other versions
2.1 SL9SD
2.2 HK R8
3 References
[edit]Modifications

To adapt the SL8 for the civilian market, the pistol grip and folding stock of the G36 have been replaced by a fixed stock with a thumbhole, and the receiver has been modified to prevent attachment of the G36 folding stock. In addition, to comply with the 1968 Gun Control Act (as presently construed by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco & Firearms or BATF) SL8 rifles exported to the United States have been modified so that they will not accept staggered, high-capacity G36 magazines. U.S. SL8 rifles accept only a single-column, 10-round magazine. Other modifications have been made to the SL8 including a lightened trigger pull, adjustable cheekpiece and buttplate to customize the fit to the user, and a heavier, more accurate barrel. The SL8 does not come with the carry handle and built in optics of the G36, although these can be purchased aftermarket and fitted to the weapon.
Many parts from the G36 series can be fitted to the SL8, but the pistol grip and folding stock cannot be used without modifictation. At least one U.S. company [Black Market Parts] has manufactured a folding stock that will fit the SL8, and another U.S. company manufactures a specialized mounting block that allows the attachment of the original G36 folding stock.
Many American SL8 owners have modified their SL8’s to accept high-capacity magazines and/or to resemble the G36 by incorporating a pistol grip and folding stock. American SL8’s will not accept high-capacity magazines unless the single-lug SL8 bolt head is replaced with a double-lug G36 bolt head, the magazine well is replaced, and the receiver is modified to permit insertion of a wider magazine body. However, such modifications to SL8 rifles (or indeed to any imported rifles) have significant implications under the 1968 Gun Control Act, which prohibits (inter alia) the assembly from imported parts of rifles that could not themselves be imported. Persons contemplating such modifications should consult the Firearms Technology Branch of BATF, located in Martinsburg, West Virginia.
Knight’s Armament Company has a line of other parts available for the SL8.
At HK forum there is unconfirmed list of known modifications:
SL8(no -#) Canada/Europe, gray, double stack mag, long sight rail w/iron sights.
SL8-1 is US import, gray, single stack mag & receiver, long sight rail w/iron sights.
SL8-4 is Canada/Europe, black, double stack mag, short sight rail.
SL8-5 is Canada/Europe, black, double stack mag, long rail w/iron sights.
SL8-6 is US import, black, single stack mag & receiver, short sight rail.
[edit]Other versions

[edit]SL9SD
There is a 7.62mm version of the SL8 under development from H&K.
Type & Operation: Semi-automatic rifle, gas-operated bolt with rotary bolt head.
Calibre & Ammunition: 7.62×37mm (.300 Whisper - a subsonic round made by necking-up the .221 Remington Fireball case to .308″ and using a 240gr Sierra MatchKing bullet.) The cartridge will fit and feed from all standard 5.56×45mm NATO magazines. The Whisper has effectively the same power and weight as a standard .45 ACP, but the lower calibre greatly increases armor penetration.
Capacity & Feed: 10, 30 rounds (box magazine)
Dimensions: 1150mm (O/A length), 270mm (height), 58mm (width)
Weights: 4.6kg (with silencer)
[edit]HK R8
A modified version of the SL8, known as the R8. The rifle is manufactured with a straight-pull bolt action, and uses either a 5 or 10 round magazine. These changes were made to allow the rifle to be marketed to sporting shooters in countries with tough gun control laws such as the United Kingdom and Australia.
It retains the general appearance of the SL8 though has a similar sight and carrying handle to the G36 rifle.

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